diff --git a/lib/validates_timeliness.rb b/lib/validates_timeliness.rb
index 558e46d..2bc3aa5 100644
--- a/lib/validates_timeliness.rb
+++ b/lib/validates_timeliness.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-require 'validates_timeliness/validations'
 require 'validates_timeliness/formats'
+require 'validates_timeliness/validator'
+require 'validates_timeliness/validation_methods'
 require 'validates_timeliness/validate_timeliness_matcher' if ENV['RAILS_ENV'] == 'test'
 
 require 'validates_timeliness/active_record/attribute_methods'
@@ -10,7 +11,7 @@ require 'validates_timeliness/core_ext/time'
 require 'validates_timeliness/core_ext/date'
 require 'validates_timeliness/core_ext/date_time'
 
-ActiveRecord::Base.send(:include, ValidatesTimeliness::Validations)
+ActiveRecord::Base.send(:include, ValidatesTimeliness::ValidationMethods)
 ActiveRecord::Base.send(:include, ValidatesTimeliness::ActiveRecord::AttributeMethods)
 ActiveRecord::Base.send(:include, ValidatesTimeliness::ActiveRecord::MultiparameterAttributes)
 ActionView::Helpers::InstanceTag.send(:include, ValidatesTimeliness::ActionView::InstanceTag)
diff --git a/lib/validates_timeliness/validate_timeliness_matcher.rb b/lib/validates_timeliness/validate_timeliness_matcher.rb
index cee4608..8c8ed8f 100644
--- a/lib/validates_timeliness/validate_timeliness_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/validates_timeliness/validate_timeliness_matcher.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 module Spec
   module Rails
     module Matchers
-      class ValidateTimeliness        
+      class ValidateTimeliness
    
         def initialize(attribute, options)
           @expected, @options = attribute, options
@@ -63,13 +63,13 @@ module Spec
         end
        
         def parse_and_cast(value)          
-          value = ActiveRecord::Base.send(:timeliness_restriction_value, value, record, options[:type])
-          cast_method = ActiveRecord::Base.send(:restriction_type_cast_method, options[:type])
+          value = ValidatesTimeliness::Validator.send(:restriction_value, value, record, options[:type])
+          cast_method = ValidatesTimeliness::Validator.send(:restriction_type_cast_method, options[:type])
           value.send(cast_method) rescue nil
         end
 
         def error_messages
-          messages = ActiveRecord::Base.send(:timeliness_default_error_messages)
+          messages = ValidatesTimeliness::Validator.send(:mapped_default_error_messages)
           messages = messages.inject({}) {|h, (k, v)| h[k] = v.sub(' %s', ''); h } 
           @options.reverse_merge!(messages)
         end
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ module Spec
           pass
         end
         
-        def no_error_matching(value, match)        
+        def no_error_matching(value, match)
           pass = !error_matching(value, match)
           @last_failure = "no error matching #{match.inspect} when value is #{format_value(value)}" unless pass
           pass
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ module Spec
         
         def format_value(value)
           return value if value.is_a?(String)
-          value.strftime(ActiveRecord::Errors.date_time_error_value_formats[options[:type]])
+          value.strftime(ValidatesTimeliness::Validator.date_time_error_value_formats[options[:type]])
         end
       end
 
@@ -110,10 +110,11 @@ module Spec
         validate_timeliness_of(attribute, options)
       end
 
-      private      
+      private
+
         def validate_timeliness_of(attribute, options={})
           ValidateTimeliness.new(attribute, options)
-        end        
+        end
     end
-  end  
+  end
 end
diff --git a/lib/validates_timeliness/validation_methods.rb b/lib/validates_timeliness/validation_methods.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c20605
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/validates_timeliness/validation_methods.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+module ValidatesTimeliness
+  module ValidationMethods
+
+    # Error messages and error value formats added to AR defaults to allow 
+    # global override.  
+    def self.included(base)
+      base.extend ClassMethods
+    end
+
+    module ClassMethods
+
+      def parse_date_time(raw_value, type, strict=true)
+        return nil if raw_value.blank?
+        return raw_value if raw_value.acts_like?(:time) || raw_value.is_a?(Date)
+        
+        time_array = ValidatesTimeliness::Formats.parse(raw_value, type, strict)
+        raise if time_array.nil?
+        
+        # Rails dummy time date part is defined as 2000-01-01
+        time_array[0..2] = 2000, 1, 1 if type == :time
+  
+        # Date.new enforces days per month, unlike Time
+        date = Date.new(*time_array[0..2]) unless type == :time
+        
+        return date if type == :date
+        
+        # Create time object which checks time part, and return time object
+        make_time(time_array)
+      rescue
+        nil
+      end
+
+      # Use this validation to force validation of values and restrictions 
+      # as dummy time
+      def validates_time(*attr_names)
+        configuration = attr_names.extract_options!
+        configuration[:type] = :time
+        validates_timeliness_of(attr_names, configuration)
+      end
+      
+      # Use this validation to force validation of values and restrictions 
+      # as Date
+      def validates_date(*attr_names)
+        configuration = attr_names.extract_options!
+        configuration[:type] = :date
+        validates_timeliness_of(attr_names, configuration)
+      end
+      
+      # Use this validation to force validation of values and restrictions
+      # as Time/DateTime
+      def validates_datetime(*attr_names)
+        configuration = attr_names.extract_options!
+        configuration[:type] = :datetime
+        validates_timeliness_of(attr_names, configuration)
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      # The main validation method which can be used directly or called through
+      # the other specific type validation methods
+      def validates_timeliness_of(*attr_names)
+        configuration = attr_names.extract_options!
+        validator = ValidatesTimeliness::Validator.new(configuration)
+        
+        # bypass handling of allow_nil and allow_blank to validate raw value
+        configuration.delete(:allow_nil)
+        configuration.delete(:allow_blank)
+        validates_each(attr_names, configuration) do |record, attr_name, value|
+          raw_value = record.send("#{attr_name}_before_type_cast")
+          validator.evaluate(record, attr_name, raw_value)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Time.zone. Rails 2.0 should be default_timezone.
+      def make_time(time_array)
+        if Time.respond_to?(:zone) && time_zone_aware_attributes
+          Time.zone.local(*time_array)
+        else
+          begin
+            Time.send(::ActiveRecord::Base.default_timezone, *time_array)
+          rescue ArgumentError, TypeError
+            zone_offset = ::ActiveRecord::Base.default_timezone == :local ? DateTime.local_offset : 0
+            time_array.pop # remove microseconds
+            DateTime.civil(*(time_array << zone_offset))
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+    end
+
+    def add_error(attr, message)
+
+    end
+
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/validates_timeliness/validations.rb b/lib/validates_timeliness/validations.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index b183c1d..0000000
--- a/lib/validates_timeliness/validations.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,189 +0,0 @@
-module ValidatesTimeliness
-  # Adds ActiveRecord validation methods for date, time and datetime validation.
-  # The validity of values can be restricted to be before or after certain dates
-  # or times.
-  module Validations    
-        
-    # Error messages and error value formats added to AR defaults to allow 
-    # global override.  
-    def self.included(base)
-      base.extend ClassMethods
-      
-      base.class_inheritable_accessor :ignore_datetime_restriction_errors
-      base.ignore_datetime_restriction_errors = false
-      
-      ::ActiveRecord::Errors.class_inheritable_accessor :date_time_error_value_formats
-      ::ActiveRecord::Errors.date_time_error_value_formats = {
-        :time     => '%H:%M:%S',
-        :date     => '%Y-%m-%d',
-        :datetime => '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
-      }      
-      
-      ::ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages.update(
-        :invalid_date     => "is not a valid date",
-        :invalid_time     => "is not a valid time",
-        :invalid_datetime => "is not a valid datetime",
-        :before           => "must be before %s",
-        :on_or_before     => "must be on or before %s",
-        :after            => "must be after %s",
-        :on_or_after      => "must be on or after %s"
-      )
-    end
-    
-    module ClassMethods
-      
-      def parse_date_time(raw_value, type, strict=true)
-        return nil if raw_value.blank?
-        return raw_value if raw_value.acts_like?(:time) || raw_value.is_a?(Date)
-        
-        time_array = ValidatesTimeliness::Formats.parse(raw_value, type, strict)
-        raise if time_array.nil?
-        
-        # Rails dummy time date part is defined as 2000-01-01
-        time_array[0..2] = 2000, 1, 1 if type == :time
-  
-        # Date.new enforces days per month, unlike Time
-        date = Date.new(*time_array[0..2]) unless type == :time
-        
-        return date if type == :date
-        
-        # Create time object which checks time part, and return time object
-        make_time(time_array)
-      rescue
-        nil
-      end
-      
-      # The main validation method which can be used directly or called through
-      # the other specific type validation methods.      
-      def validates_timeliness_of(*attr_names)
-        configuration = { :on => :save, :type => :datetime, :allow_nil => false, :allow_blank => false }
-        configuration.update(timeliness_default_error_messages)
-        configuration.update(attr_names.extract_options!)
-        
-        # we need to check raw value for blank or nil
-        allow_nil   = configuration.delete(:allow_nil)
-        allow_blank = configuration.delete(:allow_blank)
-        
-        validates_each(attr_names, configuration) do |record, attr_name, value|          
-          raw_value = record.send("#{attr_name}_before_type_cast")
-
-          next if (raw_value.nil? && allow_nil) || (raw_value.blank? && allow_blank)
-
-          record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration[:blank_message]) and next if raw_value.blank?
-          
-          column = record.column_for_attribute(attr_name)
-          begin
-            unless time = parse_date_time(raw_value, configuration[:type])
-              record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration["invalid_#{configuration[:type]}_message".to_sym])
-              next
-            end
-           
-            validate_timeliness_restrictions(record, attr_name, time, configuration)
-          rescue Exception => e
-            record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration["invalid_#{configuration[:type]}_message".to_sym])
-          end          
-        end
-      end   
-      
-      # Use this validation to force validation of values and restrictions 
-      # as dummy time
-      def validates_time(*attr_names)
-        configuration = attr_names.extract_options!
-        configuration[:type] = :time
-        validates_timeliness_of(attr_names, configuration)
-      end
-      
-      # Use this validation to force validation of values and restrictions 
-      # as Date
-      def validates_date(*attr_names)
-        configuration = attr_names.extract_options!
-        configuration[:type] = :date
-        validates_timeliness_of(attr_names, configuration)
-      end
-      
-      # Use this validation to force validation of values and restrictions
-      # as Time/DateTime
-      def validates_datetime(*attr_names)
-        configuration = attr_names.extract_options!
-        configuration[:type] = :datetime
-        validates_timeliness_of(attr_names, configuration)
-      end
-      
-     private
-     
-      def timeliness_restriction_value(restriction, record, type)
-        case restriction
-          when Time, Date, DateTime
-            restriction
-          when Symbol
-            timeliness_restriction_value(record.send(restriction), record, type)
-          when Proc
-            timeliness_restriction_value(restriction.call(record), record, type)
-          else
-            parse_date_time(restriction, type, false)
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def restriction_type_cast_method(type)
-        case type
-          when :time     then :to_dummy_time
-          when :date     then :to_date
-          when :datetime then :to_time
-        end
-      end
-      
-      # Validate value against the temporal restrictions. Restriction values 
-      # maybe of mixed type, so they are evaluated as a common type, which may
-      # require conversion. The type used is defined by validation type.
-      def validate_timeliness_restrictions(record, attr_name, value, configuration)
-        restriction_methods = {:before => '<', :after => '>', :on_or_before => '<=', :on_or_after => '>='}
-        
-        type_cast_method = restriction_type_cast_method(configuration[:type])
-        
-        display = ::ActiveRecord::Errors.date_time_error_value_formats[configuration[:type]]
-        
-        value = value.send(type_cast_method)
-        
-        restriction_methods.each do |option, method|
-          next unless restriction = configuration[option]
-          begin
-            compare = timeliness_restriction_value(restriction, record, configuration[:type])
-            
-            next if compare.nil?
-            
-            compare = compare.send(type_cast_method)
-            record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration["#{option}_message".to_sym] % compare.strftime(display)) unless value.send(method, compare)
-          rescue
-            record.errors.add(attr_name, "restriction '#{option}' value was invalid") unless self.ignore_datetime_restriction_errors
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      
-      # Map error message keys to *_message to merge with validation options
-      def timeliness_default_error_messages
-        defaults = ::ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages.slice(
-          :blank, :invalid_date, :invalid_time, :invalid_datetime, :before, :on_or_before, :after, :on_or_after)
-        returning({}) do |messages|
-          defaults.each {|k, v| messages["#{k}_message".to_sym] = v }
-        end
-      end
-      
-      # Create time in correct timezone. For Rails 2.1 that is value in 
-      # Time.zone. Rails 2.0 should be default_timezone.
-      def make_time(time_array)
-        if Time.respond_to?(:zone) && time_zone_aware_attributes
-          Time.zone.local(*time_array)
-        else
-          begin
-            Time.send(::ActiveRecord::Base.default_timezone, *time_array)
-          rescue ArgumentError, TypeError
-            zone_offset = ::ActiveRecord::Base.default_timezone == :local ? DateTime.local_offset : 0
-            time_array.pop # remove microseconds
-            DateTime.civil(*(time_array << zone_offset))
-          end
-        end
-      end
-                        
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/validates_timeliness/validator.rb b/lib/validates_timeliness/validator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..566aa42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/validates_timeliness/validator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+module ValidatesTimeliness
+
+  # Adds ActiveRecord validation methods for date, time and datetime validation.
+  # The validity of values can be restricted to be before or after certain dates
+  # or times.
+  class Validator
+    attr_accessor :configuration
+
+    cattr_accessor :ignore_datetime_restriction_errors
+    cattr_accessor :date_time_error_value_formats
+    cattr_accessor :default_error_messages
+    
+    @@ignore_datetime_restriction_errors = false
+      
+    @@date_time_error_value_formats = {
+      :time     => '%H:%M:%S',
+      :date     => '%Y-%m-%d',
+      :datetime => '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
+    }      
+      
+    @@default_error_messages = {
+      :empty            => "cannot be empty",
+      :blank            => "cannot be blank",
+      :invalid_date     => "is not a valid date",
+      :invalid_time     => "is not a valid time",
+      :invalid_datetime => "is not a valid datetime",
+      :before           => "must be before %s",
+      :on_or_before     => "must be on or before %s",
+      :after            => "must be after %s",
+      :on_or_after      => "must be on or after %s"
+    }
+
+    def initialize(configuration)
+      defaults = { :on => :save, :type => :datetime, :allow_nil => false, :allow_blank => false }
+      defaults.update(self.class.mapped_default_error_messages)
+      @configuration = defaults.merge(configuration)
+    end
+      
+    # The main validation method which can be used directly or called through
+    # the other specific type validation methods.      
+    def evaluate(record, attr_name, value)
+      return if (value.nil? && configuration[:allow_nil]) || (value.blank? && configuration[:allow_blank])
+
+      record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration[:blank_message]) and return if value.blank?
+      
+      begin
+        unless time = record.class.parse_date_time(value, configuration[:type])
+          record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration["invalid_#{configuration[:type]}_message".to_sym])
+          return
+        end
+       
+        validate_restrictions(record, attr_name, time)
+      rescue Exception => e
+        record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration["invalid_#{configuration[:type]}_message".to_sym])
+      end
+    end
+    
+   private
+   
+    def self.restriction_value(restriction, record, type)
+      case restriction
+        when Time, Date, DateTime
+          restriction
+        when Symbol
+          restriction_value(record.send(restriction), record, type)
+        when Proc
+          restriction_value(restriction.call(record), record, type)
+        else
+         record.class.parse_date_time(restriction, type, false)
+      end
+    end
+    
+    def self.restriction_type_cast_method(type)
+      case type
+        when :time     then :to_dummy_time
+        when :date     then :to_date
+        when :datetime then :to_time
+      end
+    end
+    
+    # Validate value against the temporal restrictions. Restriction values 
+    # maybe of mixed type, so they are evaluated as a common type, which may
+    # require conversion. The type used is defined by validation type.
+    def validate_restrictions(record, attr_name, value)
+      restriction_methods = {:before => '<', :after => '>', :on_or_before => '<=', :on_or_after => '>='}
+      
+      type_cast_method = self.class.restriction_type_cast_method(configuration[:type])
+      
+      display = @@date_time_error_value_formats[configuration[:type]]
+      
+      value = value.send(type_cast_method)
+      
+      restriction_methods.each do |option, method|
+        next unless restriction = configuration[option]
+        begin
+          compare = self.class.restriction_value(restriction, record, configuration[:type])
+          
+          next if compare.nil?
+          
+          compare = compare.send(type_cast_method)
+          record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration["#{option}_message".to_sym] % compare.strftime(display)) unless value.send(method, compare)
+        rescue
+          record.errors.add(attr_name, "restriction '#{option}' value was invalid") unless self.ignore_datetime_restriction_errors
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    
+    # Map error message keys to *_message to merge with validation options
+    def self.mapped_default_error_messages
+      returning({}) do |messages|
+        @@default_error_messages.each {|k, v| messages["#{k}_message".to_sym] = v }
+      end
+    end
+    
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/active_record/attribute_methods_spec.rb b/spec/active_record/attribute_methods_spec.rb
index d6d582c..52e7413 100644
--- a/spec/active_record/attribute_methods_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/active_record/attribute_methods_spec.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ require File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/../spec_helper')
 
 describe ValidatesTimeliness::ActiveRecord::AttributeMethods do
   include ValidatesTimeliness::ActiveRecord::AttributeMethods
-  include ValidatesTimeliness::Validations
+  include ValidatesTimeliness::ValidationMethods
   
   before do
     @person = Person.new
diff --git a/spec/validations_spec.rb b/spec/validation_methods_spec.rb
similarity index 90%
rename from spec/validations_spec.rb
rename to spec/validation_methods_spec.rb
index bb1666f..781a8f9 100644
--- a/spec/validations_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/validation_methods_spec.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 require File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/spec_helper')
 
-describe ValidatesTimeliness::Validations do
+describe ValidatesTimeliness::ValidationMethods do
   attr_accessor :person
 
   before :all do
@@ -46,37 +46,37 @@ describe ValidatesTimeliness::Validations do
     end
   end
   
-  describe "timeliness_restriction_value" do
-    it "should return Time object when restriction is Time object" do
-      restriction_value(Time.now, person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
-    end
-    
-    it "should return Time object when restriction is string" do
-      restriction_value("2007-01-01 12:00", person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
-    end
-    
-    it "should return Time object when restriction is method symbol which returns Time object" do
-      person.stub!(:datetime_attr).and_return(Time.now)
-      restriction_value(:datetime_attr, person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
-    end
-    
-    it "should return Time object when restriction is method symbol which returns string" do
-      person.stub!(:datetime_attr).and_return("2007-01-01 12:00")
-      restriction_value(:datetime_attr, person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
-    end
-    
-    it "should return Time object when restriction is proc which returns Time object" do
-      restriction_value(lambda { Time.now }, person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
-    end
-    
-    it "should return Time object when restriction is proc which returns string" do
-      restriction_value(lambda {"2007-01-01 12:00"}, person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
-    end
-    
-    def restriction_value(*args)
-      ActiveRecord::Base.send(:timeliness_restriction_value, *args)
-    end
-  end
+  # describe "timeliness_restriction_value" do
+  #   it "should return Time object when restriction is Time object" do
+  #     restriction_value(Time.now, person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
+  #   end
+  #   
+  #   it "should return Time object when restriction is string" do
+  #     restriction_value("2007-01-01 12:00", person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
+  #   end
+  #   
+  #   it "should return Time object when restriction is method symbol which returns Time object" do
+  #     person.stub!(:datetime_attr).and_return(Time.now)
+  #     restriction_value(:datetime_attr, person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
+  #   end
+  #   
+  #   it "should return Time object when restriction is method symbol which returns string" do
+  #     person.stub!(:datetime_attr).and_return("2007-01-01 12:00")
+  #     restriction_value(:datetime_attr, person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
+  #   end
+  #   
+  #   it "should return Time object when restriction is proc which returns Time object" do
+  #     restriction_value(lambda { Time.now }, person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
+  #   end
+  #   
+  #   it "should return Time object when restriction is proc which returns string" do
+  #     restriction_value(lambda {"2007-01-01 12:00"}, person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
+  #   end
+  #   
+  #   def restriction_value(*args)
+  #     ActiveRecord::Base.send(:timeliness_restriction_value, *args)
+  #   end
+  # end
    
   describe "with no restrictions" do
     before :all do
@@ -416,9 +416,9 @@ describe ValidatesTimeliness::Validations do
   
   describe "ignoring restriction errors" do
     before :all do
+      ValidatesTimeliness::Validator.ignore_datetime_restriction_errors = true
       class BadRestriction < Person        
         validates_date :birth_date, :before => Proc.new { raise }
-        self.ignore_datetime_restriction_errors = true
       end
     end
     
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ describe ValidatesTimeliness::Validations do
           validates_time :birth_time, :allow_blank => true, :after => '23:59:59'
         end
 
-        ActiveRecord::Errors.date_time_error_value_formats = {
+        ValidatesTimeliness::Validator.date_time_error_value_formats = {
           :time => '%H:%M %p',
           :date => '%d-%m-%Y',
           :datetime => '%d-%m-%Y %H:%M %p'
diff --git a/spec/validator_spec.rb b/spec/validator_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..54bcb9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/validator_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+require File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/spec_helper')
+
+describe ValidatesTimeliness::Validator do
+  attr_accessor :person
+
+  before :each do
+    @person = Person.new
+  end
+
+  describe "timeliness_restriction_value" do
+    it "should return Time object when restriction is Time object" do
+      restriction_value(Time.now, person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
+    end
+    
+    it "should return Time object when restriction is string" do
+      restriction_value("2007-01-01 12:00", person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
+    end
+    
+    it "should return Time object when restriction is method symbol which returns Time object" do
+      person.stub!(:datetime_attr).and_return(Time.now)
+      restriction_value(:datetime_attr, person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
+    end
+    
+    it "should return Time object when restriction is method symbol which returns string" do
+      person.stub!(:datetime_attr).and_return("2007-01-01 12:00")
+      restriction_value(:datetime_attr, person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
+    end
+    
+    it "should return Time object when restriction is proc which returns Time object" do
+      restriction_value(lambda { Time.now }, person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
+    end
+    
+    it "should return Time object when restriction is proc which returns string" do
+      restriction_value(lambda {"2007-01-01 12:00"}, person, :datetime).should be_kind_of(Time)
+    end
+    
+    def restriction_value(*args)
+      ValidatesTimeliness::Validator.send(:restriction_value, *args)
+    end
+  end
+
+end